Cree Literacy Network

Solomon Ratt completed an epic project in March 2023 that has led to this rather epic post. It all began with a simple collection of birds’ names in Cree (like the one assembled here in 2014). As Sol began to photograph birds himself, his photos became a natural addition to the list. Then came birds’ habits and descriptions – all in Cree. (Our coverbird – another of Sol’s stunning photos – is wîskacânis, featured 10th on Video 1, indexed as 1.10.)

In this blog post, we assemble the names, images and descriptions of sixty different Saskatchewan birds that Sol has encountered and photographed in real life. In the case of birds for which no Cree name could be found, he even provided a new, suggested name – while welcoming future input from more knowledgeable birders. We’ll be working to incorporate that additional input as it arrives.

At the risk of putting all Sol’s birds in one basket(!) this blog post assembles his six videos, with their text extracted and provided in tables for the sake of analysis and independent reading. I’ve also indexed the birds by video segment, to help locate each one a little more efficiently.

It makes for one enormous blog post, but I hope that means readers will be able to come back to it again and again to find information and vocabulary they need to learn, and discuss, and teach individual birds and their habits.

Index of Birds Photographed/Named (Video.Bird Number)

Video(Number)	Cree	English	Additions
1(01)	ciliwî (ocâpiskâkaniwîsiw)	Killdeer
1(02)	môsopithîsîs	Thrasher
1(03)	nôsî-mithkocahcahkwanis	Female red-winged blackbird
1(04)	mithkocahcahkwanis	Red-winged blackbird
1(05)	apisci-kiyâskos*	Common Tern	akamaskisiw kiyâsk (AA)
1(06)	wâpâcîhpis	Bufflehead duck
1(07)	kôkîsip	Goldeye duck
1(08)	kâ-otîskanit sihkihp*	Horned grebe	otêskanihkêw sihkihp (AA)
1(09)	wâkicân-âyis*	Shrike	wîhtikow piyêsîs (Mandelbaum: also as wihtcikopiecis); adapted to th-dialect: wîhtikow pithîsîs
1(10)	wîskacânis	Whiskey Jack
2(01)	wîhwîw	Snow goose (a.k.a. wavey duck)
2(02)	ay-âpihtaw niska*	Hybrid goose (part snow goose, part Canada goose)
2(03)	âhâsiw	Crow
2(04)	kâhkâkiw	Raven
2(05)	pâspâscîs	Downy woodpecker
2(06)	picikîskisîs	Chickadee
2(07)	kâhkâkîsipak	Cormorants
2(08)	apiscikâhkâkîs	Magpie
2(09)	misi-môthkahosiw	Great blue heron
2(10)	môthkahosiw	Night heron
2(11)	mithopathiwi-âyis*	House finch
3(01)	wiyakwanîw	Northern flicker
3(02)	pihpihciw	Robin
3(03)	cahcakiwak	Pelicans
3(04)	kiyâsk	Ring-billed gull	otênâwikiyâsk (AA)
3(05)	cahcahkathôs	Grackle
3(06)	osâwistikwân-cahcahkathôs*	Yellow-headed blackbird	wâposâwistikwânêwi cahcâkayo (AA)
3(07)		Red-necked grebe	mihkokwayawêw sihkihp (AA)
3(08)	wâsîpîscân	Chipping sparrow
3(09)	okimâsis*	Eastern Kingbird	wâpiskikisipâyopiyêsîs (AA)
3(10)	nâpî-oskanîthiw	Male house finch	(Cynthia Cook)
3(11)	opahkacawîsîs	Slate coloured junco
4(01)	miskostikwânîwisip	Redheaded duck
4(02)	kaskitîwikiyâskos*	Black tern
4(03)	atospîwistikwân sîsîsiw*	Avocet
4(04)	mîscaskosîs	Barn swallow
4(05)	ithinisip	Mallard.
4(06)	wâpaskâtîsip	American wigeon
4(07)	pîsimw-ayis*	Baltimore oriole
4(08)	niskak	Geese
4(09)	osâwispiskwan-ayîs*	Yellow-rumped warbler
5(01)	apiscisip	Blue-winged teal
5(01)	osâwasko-pithîsîs	Yellow warbler
5(02)	tâpiskâkanasîs	Meadow Lark
5(03)	nôsî-miskostikwânîsip	Female redheaded duck
5(04)	sîhkihp	Western grebe
5(05)	mônahikîsipak*	Northern shovelers	ayakaskotîwisip (AA)
5(06)	omîmîw	Mourning dove
5(07)	pithîw	Hungarian partridge
5(08)	masinâsokot-sihkhip*	Pied-billed grebe
5(09)	sîsîsiw	Willet
6(01)	miskomâskikanîsis*	Red breasted nuthatch	mihkwâsiskanîwipiyêsîs (AA)
6(02)	okîskimanasiw	Kingfisher
6(03)	cihcîskisîs	Sandpiper
6(04)	wîciskwahamânisiw	Bohemian waxwing
6(05)	sihkihp	American coot
6(06)	osâwask-ayîs*	Goldfinch
6(07)	mikisiw	Bald eagle
6(08)	ohtawakîhôhow	Great horned owl
6(09)	osâhkwatamow	Merlin
	* indicates SR's newly suggested term

SOURCES

• Dr. Anne Anderson. pêyesêsak: Birds in Cree. Edmonton: Duval House Publish and Metis Nation of Alberta, 1999.
• Richard Cannings, Tom Aversa, and Hal Opperman, Birds of Southwestern British Columbia. Vancouver: Heritage House, 2005.
• Lac La Rong Indian Band, nîhithaw itwîwina: Woodland Cree Wordlist. La Ronge: Cree Resource Unit, (no year).
• David G. Mandelbaum. The Plains Cree. Regina: Canadian Plains Research Center, 1979.
• Roger Tory Peterson. A Field Guide to Western Birds, (second edition). Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1961.
• Allan Smith Saskatchewan Birds. China: Lone Pine Media Productions (B.C.) Ltd, 2020.
• Arok Wolvengrey, nêhiyawêwin: itwêwina Cree: Words. Regina: University of Regina Press, 2001.

Video 1:

pithîsîsak 1	Birds 1
I use the asterisk * to mark the birds we have no name for in Cree so I made up a name for them. Maybe in future days other names for these birds may come into use when someone more knowledgeable about birds will offer their suggestions. I hope you enjoy this introduction to Saskatchewan birds.	I use the asterisk * to mark the birds we have no name for in Cree so I made up a name for them. Maybe in future days other names for these birds may come into use when someone more knowledgeable about birds will offer their suggestions. I hope you enjoy this introduction to Saskatchewan birds.
1.1 ciliwî (ocâpiskâkaniwîsiw)	Killdeer
pimahkamikisiwak ôko pithîsîsak ôta kâ-ati-pônakimiht mikisiwipîsim isko âpihtawâyihk pimahamowipîsim.	These birds are active here from late March until mid-October.
pâh-pimikociskâwîsiwak ikwa kâh-kipihcîwak ta-mowâcik manicôsa; mowîwak mîna kohkominahkîsîsa, akaskwaya, ikwa mohtîwa.	They run about and stop to eat insects; also eat spiders, snails, and worms.
wacistonihkîwak tahkohc askîhk ita î-mônahikîsicik.	They make their nests on open ground where they excavate a cavity for their nests.
1.2 môsopithîsîs	Thrasher
sâwanohk mâna isi-pimithâwak ispî kâ-takwâkinithik nânitaw kâ-ati-kîsakimiht nimitahamowipîsim ikwa kâwi pî-takosinwak ôta ispî kâ-sîkwanithik, nânitaw kâ-maci-akimiht athîkipîsim.	They migrate south in the fall, around September and arrive back here in the Spring, around May.
mohcihk nitonawîwak motîwa ta-mowâcik, mîciwak mîna kiscikânisa ikwa mînisa.	They look on the ground for larvae and also eat seeds and berries.
capasis sakâsihk wacistonihkîwak, ita î-âpacihtâcik miscikosa, maskosiya, ikwa wathakîskwa.	They nest low in shrubs using twigs, grass, and bark.
1.3 nôsî-mithkocahcahkwanis	Female red-winged blackbird
ôta pimahkamikisiwak niskipîsim ohci isko pimahamowipîsim.	They are active here from April until October.
mâmawi-wacistonihkîwak cîkakâm ita î-ati-ohpikihki oskihtîpakwa. misâthiwa owacistoniwâwa î-âpacihtâcik pâstî-nîpiya pasihkânak ohci, maskosiya, wacapîsa, ikwa âniskowaskwa.	They nest communally The have large nests made from dried cattail leaves, grass, rootlets, and reeds.
mohcihk ohci mowîwak manicôsisa, ikwa mîciwak kiscikânisa ikwa mîna mînisa.	They eat insects from the ground and they also eat seeds and berries.
1.4 mithkocahcahkwanis	Red-winged blackbird
ôta pimahkamikisiwak niskipîsim ohci isko pimahamowipîsim.	They are active here from April until October.
mâmawi-wacistonihkîwak cîkakâm ita î-ati-ohpikihki oskihtîpakwa. misâthiwa owacistoniwâwa î-âpacihtâcik pâstî-nîpiya pasihkânak ohci, maskosiya, wacapîsa, ikwa âniskowaskwa.	They nest communally. The have large nests made from dried cattail leaves, grass, rootlets, and reeds.
mohcihk ohci mowîwak manicôsisa, ikwa mîciwak kiscikânisa ikwa mîna mînisa.	They eat insects from the ground and they also eat seeds and berries.
1.5 apisci-kiyâskos*	Common Tern
mâci-pimahkamikisiwak ôta athîkipîsim ohci isko nimitahamowipîsim.	Active here from May until September.
mowîwak kinosîsisa, manicôsisa, ikwa môhcîsisa nipîhk ohci.	They eat small fish, small insects, and small aquatic invertebrates.
mâmawi wacistonihkîwak, î-âpacihâcik asinîsa ikwa nanâtohk macikwanâs ikwa îsisa.	They nest communally, using pebbles, and all sorts of debris and shells.
1.6 wâpâcîhpis	Bufflehead duck
ôta pimahkamikisiwak niskipîsim ohci isko kaskatinowipîsim.	They are active here from April until November.
atâmipîhk ohtinîwak ta-mowâcik môhcîsisa , ikwa kinosîsisa, ikwa mîna mîciwak nanâtohk kiscikânisa.	Eats underwater invertebrates, small fish, and all sorts of seeds.
cîkakâm î-wâthâthik mistikohk wacistonihkîwak. pihtawîkinamwak pîwaya .	Nests near water in a natural cavity in a tree. The nest is lined with down.
1.7 kôkîsip	Goldeye duck
ôta pimahkamikisiwak niskipîsim ohci isko kaskatinowipîsim.	They are active here from April until November.
mowîwak îsisa, manicôsisa, mohtîwa, ikwa kinosîsisa.	Eats mollusks, insects, larvae, and small fish.
î-wâthâthik mistikohk wacistonihkâkîwak, cîkakâm. pihtawîkinamwak pîwihkahikanisa ikwa pîwaya.	Nest in a tree cavity near the water. They line their nests with wood chips and down.
1.8 kâ-otîskanit sihkihp*	Horned grebe
ôta pimahkamikisiwak niskipîsim ohci isko pimahamowipîsim.	They are active here from April until October.
wacistonihkîwak pahkwahk, cîkakâm î-pimâhothik owacistoniwâwa oskihtîpakwa î-âpacihtâcik.	They make nests with a floating mat of vegetation in shallow water near shore.
mowîwak manicôsisa, îsa, kinosîsisa, ikwa athîkisisa.	They eat small water insects, snails, small fish, and tadpoles.
1.9 wâkicân-âyis*	Shrike
ôta pimahkamikisiwak niskipîsim ohci isko nimitahamowipîsim mâka âskaw ôta ayâwak kapî askîwin.	They are active here from April until September but sometimes they stay all year.
capasis miscikosihk wacistonihkîwak mâka âskaw tahkohc ita kâ-asastîki maskosiya. âpacihtâwak miscikosa ikwa maskosiya.	They make their nests in a low crotch of shrubs and sometimes on piled-up vegetation. They use twigs and grass.
mowîwak apisci pisiskîsa, pithîsîsa, ikwa manicôsa. mowîwak mîna kâ-nipithit pisiskiwa.	They eat small mammals, small birds, and insects. They also eat carrion.
1.10 wîskacânis	Whiskey Jack
ôta pimahkamikisiwak kapî askîwin.	They are active here all year.
sihtiskâhk wacistonihkîwak î-apihkâkîcik oskihtîpakoyâpiya, ocîpihkwa, miscikosa, ikwa astâskamikwa. pîhtawîkinamwak mîkwanisa, mîscakâsa, ikwa pîwaya ohci.	They make nest in coniferous areas weaving their nests using plant fibers, roots, twigs, and moss. They line them with feathers, hair, and fur.
mowîwak manicôsa ikwa kâ-nipithit pisiskiwa. mîciwak mîna mînisisa, kiscikânisa, wâwa, pithîsîsisa.	They eat insects and carrion. They also eat berries, seeds, eggs, and nestlings.

Video 2:

pithîsîsak 2	Birds 2
I use the asterisk * to mark the birds we have no name for in Cree so I made up a name for them. Maybe in future days other names for these birds may come into use when someone more knowledgeable about birds will offer their suggestions. I hope you enjoy this introduction to Saskatchewan birds.	I use the asterisk * to mark the birds we have no name for in Cree so I made up a name for them. Maybe in future days other names for these birds may come into use when someone more knowledgeable about birds will offer their suggestions. I hope you enjoy this introduction to Saskatchewan birds.
2.1 wîhwîw	Snow goose (a.k.a. wavey duck)
ôta pimahkamikisiwak mikisiwipîsim ohci isko nimitahamowipîsim.	Active here from March until September.
mîciwak kiscikânisa, oski-oskihcîpakosa, maskosiya, ikwa ocîpihkwa. mowîwak mîna ocîskanihkîsa.	They eat grain, new sprouts, grass, and roots. They also eat water plants.
namôtha ôta wacistonihkîwak.	They do not nest here.
2.2 ay-âpihtaw niska*	Hybrid goose (part snow goose, part Canada goose)
ôta pimahkamikisiwak mikisiwipîsim ohci isko nimitahamowipîsim.	Active here from March until September.
mîciwak kiscikânisa, oski-oskihcîpakosa, maskosiya, ikwa ocîpihkwa. mowîwak mîna ocîskanihkîsa.	They eat grain, new sprouts, grass, and roots. They also eat water plants.
namôtha ôta wacistonihkîwak.	They do not nest here.
2.3 âhâsiw	Crow
ôta pimahkamikisiwak mikisiwipîsim ohci isko kaskatinowipîsim.	They are active here from March until November.
nanâtohk sakâhk wacistonihkîwak. miscikosa âpacihtâwak ikwa î-pîhtawîkinahkwâw wathakîskwa, ocîpihkosisa, pîwaya, ikwa oskihcîpakosa.	They nest in all sorts of woods. They use sticks and line their nests with bark, roots, fur, and plants.
mowîwak kâ-nipithit pisiskiwa, pisiskîsa, kinîpikwa, athîkisa. mîciwak mîna mînisa, kiscikânisa, athisitiniw wîpinikana.	They eat carrion, rodents, snakes, frogs. They also eat berries, seeds, human food wastes.
2.4 kâhkâkiw	Raven
kapî askîwin ôta pimahkamikisiwak.	They are active here all year.
nanâtohk kîskatinâhk ikwa mistikohk wacistonihkîwak. miscikosa âpacihtâwak ikwa î-pîhtawîkinahkwâw wathakîskwa, ocîpihkosisa, pîwaya, ikwa oskihcîpakosa.	They nest in all sorts of cliffs and high trees. They use sticks and line their nests with bark, roots, fur, and plants.
mowîwak kâ-nipithit pisiskiwa, pisiskîsa, kinîpikwa, athîkisa. mîciwak mîna mînisa, kiscikânisa, athisitiniw wîpinikana.	They eat carrion, rodents, snakes, frogs. They also eat berries, seeds, human food wastes.
2.5 pâspâscîs	Downy woodpecker
kapî askîwin ôta pimahkamikisiwak.	They are active here year-round.
mônahikîwak wathakîskohk î-nitonahkwâw manicôsi-wâwisa, ikwa î-natonawâcik wîwîkini-môhcîsisa, môhtîwa. mîciwak mîna kiscikânisa. mowîwak mîna pakâna.	They chip away at bark to get at cocoons, larvae and they also eats seeds. They also eat nuts.
wacistonihkîwak thôskihtakohk ita î-pahpâwahahkwâw wâcis. pîhtawîkinamwak owacistoniwâwa pîwihcakahikanisa ohci.	They nest in soft, decaying trunks where they excavate a small cavity for their nests. They line their nests with wood chips.
2.6 picikîskisîs	Chickadee
kapî askîwin ôta pimahkamikisiwak.	They are active here year-round.
mowîwak manicôsa, ikwa kohkominahkîsîsa. mîciwak mîna kiscikânisa ikwa mînisa.	They eat insects and spiders. They also eat seeds and berries.
wacistonihkîwak wâthâhk mistikohk, âskaw otinamâsowak pâspâscîsa kâ-nakatahkwâw owacistoniwâwa. pîhtawîkinamwak owacistoniwâwa pîwaya ohci ikwa mîna mîkwana, astâskamikwa, ikwa maskosîsa.	They nest on cavities in the trees and sometimes take abandoned woodpecker nests. They line their nests with fur, feathers, moss, and grass.
2.7 kâhkâkîsipak	Cormorants
ôta pimahkamikisiwak niskipîsim ohci isko pimahamowipîsim.	They are active here from April until October.
mowîwak kinosîsisa ikwa ây-âskaw mîna manicôsisa ahpô mohcîsisa.	They eat fish and sometime, though rarely, insects and vertebrates.
mâmawi-wacistonihkîwak, âskaw î-wîci-wacistonîmâcik cahcahkiwa, miniscikosihk ahpô mîna ispimihk mistikohk. âpacihtâwak miscikosa, ocîskanihkîsa, ikwa pithîsîsi-miya.	Nests communally, sometimes with pelicans, on low-lying islands and sometimes high up in trees. They use sticks, aquatic vegetation, and bird droppings.
2.8 apiscikâhkâkîs	Magpie
kapî askîwin ôta pimahkamikisiwak.	They are active here year-round.
poko-kîkway mîciwak. mowîwak manicôsa, môsotihkoma, ikwa kâ-nipithit pisikiwa. âskaw kimotiwak kotaka pithîsîsa owâwiwâwa ta-mîcicik.	They are omnivores. They eat insects, ticks, and carrion. Sometimes they steal other birds’ eggs to eat.
âskaw mâmawi-wacistonihkîwak mistikohk î-apahkwîcik mistikwa ohci ikwa asiskiy ikwa miyi. pîhtawîkinamwak owacistoniwâwa asiskiy ohci mîna maskosiya, ocîpihkosa, ikwa mîscakâsa.	Sometimes nest communally in trees using twigs, mud and manure. They line their nests with mud, grass, roots, and hair.
2.9 misi-môthkahosiw	Great blue heron
ôta pimahkamikisiwak niskipîsim ohci isko kaskatinowipîsim.	They are active here from April to November.
mâmawi-wacistoninihkîwak î-osîhtâcik tîhtahokan mistikohk cîkakâm ahpô ministikohk. miscikosa âpacihtâwak ispimihk owacistoniwâwa î-akotîthiki ikwa âh-âniskostâwak tahto-askiy, kâh-kîhtwâm î-âpacihtâcik.	They nest communally on a platform in trees near the water or on islands. They use twigs for their nests high up in trees and add to it every year, using the same nest.
mowîwak kinosîsisa, athîkisa, pisiskîsa, môhcîsisa, ikwa kinîpikosisa..	They eat small fish, frogs, small mammals, invertebrates, and small snakes.
2.10 môthkahosiw	Night heron
ôta pimahkamikisiwak niskipîsim ohci isko pimahamowipîsim.	They are active here from April to October.
mâmawi-wacistoninihkîwak nîpisîhkopâhk, ihkatawâhk ita î-osîhtâcik tîhtahokan. miscikosa âpacihtâwak. nâpî-môthkahosiw mâwasakonam miscikosa ikwa nôsî-môthkahosiw wacistonihkîw.	They nest communally making a platform amongst willows and marshes. They use twigs and sticks. The male heron gathers the twigs and the female heron builds the nest.
kâ-otâkosinithik mâna mîcisowak. mowîwak kinosîsisa, athîkisa, pisiskîsa, pithîsîsisa, môhcîsisa, ikwa kinîpikosisa..	They often eat at dusk. They eat small fish, frogs, small mammals, small birds, invertebrates, and small snakes.
2.11 mithopathiwi-âyis*	House finch
ôta pimahkamikisiwak niskipîsim ohci isko pimahamowipîsim.	They are active here from April until October.
mohcihk ohci mîciwak kiscikânisa, sâkipakâsa, wâpikwanîsa, ikwa mînisa. mowîwak mîna manicôsisa.	They eat seeds, buds, blossoms, and berries from the ground. They also eat insects.
sihti-watihkwanihk wacistonihkîwak, î-apîhkâkîcik miscikosa, maskosiya, ikwa ocîpihkosa. pîhtawîkinâkîwak maskosîsa, astâskamikwa, ikwa mîscakâsa.	They build their nests on branches of coniferous trees using twigs, grass, and rootlets. They line the nests with fine grass, moss, and hair.

Video 3:

pithîsîsak 3	Birds 3
I use the asterisk * to mark the birds we have no name for in Cree so I made up a name for them. Maybe in future days other names for these birds may come into use when someone more knowledgeable about birds will offer their suggestions. I hope you enjoy this introduction to Saskatchewan birds.	I use the asterisk * to mark the birds we have no name for in Cree so I made up a name for them. Maybe in future days other names for these birds may come into use when someone more knowledgeable about birds will offer their suggestions. I hope you enjoy this introduction to Saskatchewan birds.
3.1 wiyakwanîw	Northern flicker
ôta pimahkamikisiwak niskipîsim ohci isko pimahamowipîsim.	These birds are active here from April until October.
câh-cahkacahikîsiwak mohcihk ikwa wathakîskohk î-nitonawâcik îthikosa; mowîwak mîna mohcîsa, pakâna, ikwa manicôsa. mîciwak mîna mînisa.	They peck on the ground and on bark in search of ants; they also eat worms, nuts, and insects. They also eat berries.
wacistonihkîwak thôskihtakohk ita î-mônahahkwâw waciston. âskaw kâh-kîhtwâm âpacihtâwak owacistoniwâwa.	They make their nests in rotting wood where they excavate a cavity for their nests. Sometimes they re-use their nests.
3.2 pihpihciw	Robin
ôta mâna pimahkamikisiwak mikisiwipîsim ohci isko kaskatinowipîsim.	They are active here from March until November.
câh-cahkacahikîsiwak mohcik î-nitonahkwâw mîciwin. mowîwak mohtîwa, môhcîsisa, ikwa manicôsisa. mîciwak mîna mînisa.	They eat worms, invertebrates, and insects. They also eat berries.
wacistonihkîwak nanâtohk mistikohk ikwa miscikosihk. âpacihtâwak maskosiya, astâskamikwa, ikwa pîwi-wathakîska î-akwamohcikâkîcik asiskiya ikwa maskosiya.	They nest in all types of woods and bush. They use grass, moss, and loose bark cemented with mud and grass.
3.3 cahcakiwak	Pelicans
ôta pimahkamikisiwak niskipîsim ohci isko nimitahamowipîsim.	They are active here from April until September.
mâmawi-wacistonihkîwak mohcihk ministikohk. pîhtawîkinamwak wâcistona asinîsa ohci ikwa macikwanâsa mâka âskaw namwâc pîhtawîkinamwak wacistona.	They nest communally on bare islands. They line the nests with pebbles and debris but sometimes they don’t line the nests at all.
mowîwak kinosîsisa, ikwa athîkisa. wâh-wîcihitowak mâna ta-nôcikinosîwîcik.	They eat fish and amphibians. Groups of pelicans help each other by herding fish into large groups.
3.4 kiyâsk	Ring-billed gull
ôta pimahkamikisiwak mikisiwipîsim ohci isko pimahamowipîsim.	They are active here from March until October.
câh-cahkacahikîsiwak mohcihk î-nitonahkwâw athisitiniw iskwahcikana ikwa kiscikânisa. mowîwak mîna kohkominahkîsîsa, manicôsa, mohcîsa, ikwa kâ-nipithit pisiskîsa.	They peck the ground looking for garbage, and seeds. They also eat spiders, insects, earthworms, and carrion.
mâmawi-wacistonihkîwak cîkakâm wâthâcâhk î-âpacihtâcik asisiya, macikwanâsa, maskosiya, ikwa miscikosa.	They nest on ground near water in a shallow scrape using water reeds, debris, grass, and sticks.
3.5 cahcahkathôs (usually used for red-wing blackbird)	Grackle
mâci-pimahkamikisiwak ôta niskipîsim ohci isko pimahamowipîsim.	Active here from April until October.
câh-cahkacahikîsiwak mohcihk î-nitonahkwâw mîciwin. mowîwak manicôsa, môhtîwa, pithîsîsisa, ikwa kinosîsisa. mîciwak mîna mînisa ikwa wâwisa.	They peck the ground looking for food. They eat insects, worms, nestlings, and small fish. They also eat berries, and small eggs.
sakâhk wacistonihkîwak, ahpô oski-ocîskanihkîsihk cîkakâm. wacistonihkâkîwak miscikosa, maskosiya, ikwa asiskiya î-pîhtawîkinahkwâw wacistona maskosîsa ikwa mîkwanisa ohci.	They nest in dense bush or on emergent water plants. They build their nests with twigs, grass, and mud lined with fine grass and feathers.
3.6 osâwistikwân-cahcahkathôs*	Yellow-headed blackbird
ôta pimahkamikisiwak niskipîsim ohci isko nimitahamowipîsim.	They are active here from April until September.
mâmawi-wacistonihkîwak waskitipîhk î-âpacihâcik oski-ocîskanihkîsa î-pîhtawîkinahkwâw owacistoniwâwa pâstî-maskosiya ohci.	They nest communally on the surface of the water using emerging aquatic vegetation lined with dry grass.
câh-cahkacahikîsiwak mohcihk ikota ohci mowîwak amiskosîsa, îsisa, ikwa cwîhôkanâpisîsa. mîciwak mîna kiscikânisa.	They peck the ground from where they eat beetles, snails, and dragonflies. They also eat seeds.
3.7 miskokwayawi-sihkihp	Red-necked grebe
ôta pimahkamikisiwak niskipîsim ohci isko pimahamowipîsim.	They are active here from April until October.
mowîwak kinosîsisa, mohcîsisa, ikwa athîkisisa.	They eat small fish, aquatic invertebrates, and amphibians.
âskaw mâmawi-wacistonihkîwak tîhtahikanihk tîhtapahipîhk, ocîskanihkîsa î-akwamohâcik atâmipîhk ocîskanihkîsihk.	Sometimes nest communally on a platform on aquatic vegetation anchored to underwater plants.
3.8 wâsîpîscân	Chipping sparrow
ôta pimahkamikisiwak athîkipîsim ohci isko nimitahamowipîsim.	They are active here from May until September.
wacistonihkîwak miscikosihk. apihkâkîwak maskosiya ikwa ocîpihkosa ikwa pîhtawîkinamwak owacistoniwâwa mîscakâsa ohci ahpô pîwaya.	They nest low in shrubs weaving grass and rootlets. They line their nests with hair or fur.
câh-cahkacahikîsiwak mohcihk î-nitonahkwâw mîciwin. mowîwak mohcîsisa. mîciwak mîna kiscikânisa.	They peck the ground looking for food. They eat invertebrates. They also eat seeds.
3.9 okimâsis*	Eastern Kingbird
ôta pimahkamikisiwak athîkipîsim ohci isko nimitahamowipîsim.	They are active here from May until September.
wacistonihkîwak watihkwanihk ita î-piyakwâskisithit mistikwa. wacistonihkâkîwak oskihtîpakwa, miscikosa, pîminahkwânisa, pîswî-pîwayân, ikwa maskosiya. pîhtawîkinamwak thôskayâna ohci.	They nest on a branch on an isolated tree. They make their nests with weeds, twigs, string, wool, and grass. They line their nest with soft materials.
nawatinîwak manicôsa kâ-mîkwâ-pimithâcik. âskaw poko mîciwak mînisa.	They catch insects on the wing. They infrequently eat berries.
3.10 nâpî-oskanîthiw	Male house finch
ôta pimahkamikisiwak niskipîsim ohci isko pimahamowipîsim.	They are active here from April until October.
mohcihk ohci mîciwak kiscikânisa, sâkipakâsa, wâpikwanîsa, ikwa mînisa. mowîwak mîna manicôsisa.	They eat seeds, buds, blossoms, and berries from the ground. They also eat insects.
sihti-watihkwanihk wacistonihkîwak, î-apîhkâkîcik miscikosa, maskosiya, ikwa ocîpihkosa. pîhtawîkinâkîwak maskosîsa, astâskamikwa, ikwa mîscakâsa.	They build their nests on branches of coniferous trees using twigs, grass, and rootlets. They line the nests with fine grass, moss, and hair.
3.11 opahkacawîsîs	Slate coloured junco
ôta pimahkamikisiwk niskipîsim ohci isko pimahamowipîsim.	Active here from April to October.
mohcihk wacistonihkîwak asicâyihk kîskatinahk. wacistonihkâkîwak miscikosa, ikwa pîwi-wathakîskwa. pîhtawîkinamwak wacistona maskosîsa ohci ikwa mîna astâskamikwa, ikwa mîscakâsa.	They build their nests on the ground next to a vertical back. They build their nests using twigs and bark shreds lining their nests with grass, moss, and hair.
câh-cahkacahikîsiwak mohcihk mohcîsa î-nitonawâcik. mîciwak mîna mînisa ikwa kiscikânisa.	They peck the ground for invertebrates. They also eat berries and seeds.

Video 4:

pithîsîsak 4	Birds 4
I use the asterisk * to mark the birds we have no name for in Cree so I made up a name for them. Maybe in future days other names for these birds may come into use when someone more knowledgeable about birds will offer their suggestions. I hope you enjoy this introduction to Saskatchewan birds.	I use the asterisk * to mark the birds we have no name for in Cree so I made up a name for them. Maybe in future days other names for these birds may come into use when someone more knowledgeable about birds will offer their suggestions. I hope you enjoy this introduction to Saskatchewan birds.
4.1 miskostikwânîwisip	Redheaded duck
ôta pimahkamikisiwak niskipîsim ohci isko kaskatinowipîsim.	They are active here from April until November.
wacistonihkîwak tahkohc nipîhk ocîskanihkîsihk ahpô mîna tahkohc wacasko-wîstîhk ahpô mohcihk. wacistonihkâkîwak asisiya ikwa ocîskanihkîsa, pîhtawîkinamwak pîwaya ohci.	They make their nests suspended over water on aquatic vegetation or on top of muskrat lodges or on the ground. To build their nests they use reeds and aquatic vegetation and line them with down.
kôkîwak î-nitonahkwâw mîciwin. mîciwak ocîpihkwa ikwa oskîtihpakâhtikwa ikwa âskaw kiscikânisa. mowîwak mîna mohcîsisa ikwa îsisa.	They dive looking for food. They eat roots, basal stems of plants and sometimes seeds. They also eat aquatic invertebrate and clams.
4.2 kaskitîwikiyâskos*	Black tern
ôta pimahkamikisiwak athîkipîsim ohci isko nimitahamowipîsim.	They are active here from May until September.
âskaw mâmawi-wacistonihkîwak oski-ocîskanihkîsihk tahkohc nipîhk. wacistonihkâkîwak kayâsi-oskihtîpakwa tahkoc kâ-tîhtapahipîthit ocîskanihkîsa, ahpô tahkohc asiskîhk ahpô wacasko-wîstîhk.	Sometimes they nest communally on emergent plants over water. They make their nests with dead plants floating on the water, or on mounds of mud, or on top of muskrat lodges.
nawatinîwak manicôsa kâ-mîkwâ-pimithâcik, ahpô maskosîhk ohci ahpô waskitipîhk ohci. mowîwak mîna kinosîsisa.	They eat small insects on the wing or from tall grasses or from the water’s surface. They also eat small fish.
4.3 atospîwistikwân sîsîsiw*	Avocet
ôta pimahkamikisiwak athîkipîsim ohci isko nimitahamowipîsim.	They are active here from May until September.
mâmawi-wacistonihkîwak paskwa-miniscikosihk, asiskîhk, ahpô kistikânihk cîkakâm, wâthâcâhk ahpô tahkohc askîhk. wacistonihkâkîwak oskihtîpakwa.	They nest communally on sparsely vegetated islands, on mud flats, or in fields near water on shallow depressions or on mounds. They use plants to build their nests.
nitonamwak mîciwin atâmipîhk î-âpacihtâcik owâkicânimiwâwa. mowîwak îsisa, manicôsisa, ikwa mohcîsisa. mîciwak mîna oskihtîpakwa ikwa kiscikânisa.	They look for food under water using their curved bills. They eat crustaceans, insects, and larvae. They also eat plants and seeds.
4.4 mîscaskosîs	Barn swallow
ôta pimahkamikisiwak niskipîsim ohci isko pimahamowipîsim.	They are active here from April until October.
mâmawi-wacistonihkîwak cîkapâhk, sîpâ âsokanihk, ahpô sîpîhkâni-mikohtaskwâhk, ikwa âskaw kâ-nakatâniwik-wâskahikanihk. wacistonihkâkîwak asiskiya, î-pîhtawîkinahkwâw wacistona maskosiya ikwa mîkwana ohci.	They nest communally on eavestroughs, under bridges, or in culverts and sometimes in abandoned building. They line the nests with grass and feathers.
nawatinîwak manicôsa kâ-mîkwâ-pimithâcik ikwa âskaw poko mînisa mîciwak.	They catch flying insects on the wing and also, though rarely, eat berries.
4.5 ithinisip	Mallard.
pimahkamikisiwak ôta mikisiwipîsim ohci isko kaskatinowipîsim.	Active here from March until November.
cîki nipîhk wacistonihkîwak ita î-ispâthiki oskihtîpakwa ahpô sîpâ sakâsihk âhpô mîna kâ-nakacikâtîki wacistona mistikohk. wacistonîhkâkîwak maskosiya ikwa kotaka oskihtîpakwa. pîhtawîkinamwak wacistona pîwaya ohci.	They nest near water in tall vegetation or under bushes or in abandoned nests in trees. They line the nests with down.
mowîwak manicôsa, athîkisisa, ikwa wâhkwana. mîciwak mîna kiscikânisa.	They eat aquatic invertebrates, larval amphibians, and fish eggs. They also eat seeds.
4.6 wâpaskâtîsip	American wigeon
ôta pimahkamikisiwak niskipîsim ohci isko kaskatinowipîsim.	They are active here from April until November.
kâtâwak owacistoniwâwa ita kâ-ispâthiki oskihtîpakwa. wacistonihkâkîwak maskosiya ikwa nîpiya ikwa pîhtawîkinamwak wacistona pîwaya ohci.	They hide their nest in tall vegetation. They use grass and leaves to build their nests and line them with down.
mîciwak ocîpihkosa, nîpîsa, ikwa oski-oskihtîpakahtikwa. mowîwak mîna mohcîsisa.	They eat small roots, small leaves, and emerging plant stalks. They also eat invertebrates.
4.7 pîsimw-ayis*	Baltimore oriole
ôta pimahkamikisiwak athîkipîsim ohci isko nimitahamowipîsim.	They are active here from May until September.
ispimihk mîtosihk wacistonihkîwak kisâstaw asiwacikanis î-isinâkwanithiki owacistoniwâwa. wacistonihkâkîwak maskosiya, pîwi-wathakîskosa, pîminahkwânis, mîscakâsa, ikwa oskihcîpakosa. pîhtawîkinamwak wacistona maskosiya, ocîhpihkosa, ikwa pîwaya ohci.	They build their nests high in deciduous tress, their nests look like deep hanging pouches. They build their nest with grass, shredded bark, string, hair and plant fibers. They line the nests with grass, rootlets, and fur.
câhkahamwak kâ-akotîthiki oskihtîpakwa î-nitonahkwâw mîciwin. mowîwak mohtîwa, manicôsa, oskanâmowa, ikwa kotaka mohcîsisa. mîciwak mîna mînisa.	They probe canopy vegetation for food. They eat caterpillars, beetles, wasps, and other invertebrates. They also eat berries.
4.8 niskak	Geese
ôta pimahkamikisiwak mikisiwipîsim ohci isko kaskatinowipîsim.	They are active here from March until November.
wacistonihkîwak ministikohk ikwa wâsakâm mohcihk. wacistonihkâkîwak oskihtîpakwa ikwa pîhtawîkinamwak wacistona pîwaya ohci.	They build their nest on islands and on shorelines on the ground. They build their nests with plant materials and line the nests with down.
mîciwak oski-oskicîpakosa, ocîskanihkîsa, maskosiya, ikwa ocîhpakwa..	They eat new sprouts, aquatic vegetation, grass, and roots.
4.9 osâwispiskwan-ayîs*	Yellow-rumped warbler
ôta pimahkamikisiwak athîkipîsim ohci isko nimitahamowipîsim.	They are active here from May until September.
wacistonihkîwak watihkwanihk mîtosihk ahpô sihtihk. wacistonihkâkîwak miscikosa, maskosiya, wathakîskosa, astâskamikwa, asinîwâhkwanak, ikwa kohkominahkîsîs- athapiyâpîsa î-pîhtawîkinahkwâw mîscakâsa ikwa mîkwanisa.	They build nests on branches of deciduous trees and in conifers. They build their nests with twigs, grass, bark strips, moss, lichen, and spider silk lined with hair and feathers.
oskitîpakohk nitonamwak mîciwin. mowîwak manicôsa ikwa âskaw mîciwak mînisa.	They look in plants for food. They eat insects and sometimes berries.

Video 5:

pithîsîsak 5	Birds 5
I use the asterisk * to mark the birds we have no name for in Cree so I made up a name for them. Maybe in future days other names for these birds may come into use when someone more knowledgeable about birds will offer their suggestions. I hope you enjoy this introduction to Saskatchewan birds.	I use the asterisk * to mark the birds we have no name for in Cree so I made up a name for them. Maybe in future days other names for these birds may come into use when someone more knowledgeable about birds will offer their suggestions. I hope you enjoy this introduction to Saskatchewan birds.
5.1 osâwasko-pithîsîs	Yellow warbler
pimahkamikisiwak ôta athîkipîsim ohci isko nimitahamowipîsim.	They are active here from May until September.
wacistonihkîwak tastawâpitî-watihkwanihk mîtosihk ahpô miscikosihk. wacistonihkâkîwak maskosiya, oskihtîpakwa, ikwa wathakîskosa. pîhtawîkinamwak wacistona maskosîsa ohci ikwa pîwî-kiscikânisa, ikwa mîscakâsa.	They make nests on the forked branches of deciduous trees and shrubs. They make their nests with grass, weeds, and shredded bark. They line the nests with fine grass, seed fluff, and hair.
nitonamwak mîciwin oskihtîpakohk. mowîwak mohtîwa, mohcîsisa, manicôsa, nanâtohk apisci-môhcîsisa, ikwa manicôsisa.	They search for food among vegetation. They eat caterpillars, beetles, aphids, and cankerworms,
5.2 tâpiskâkanasîs	Meadow Lark
ôta pimahkamikisiwak niskipîsim ohci isko pimahamowipîsim.	They are active here from April until October.
wâthâhcahikîwak mohcihk ita î-apahkwîsicik ikwa iskwacîmis asicâyihk î-astâcik. apihkâkîwak oskihtîpakwa ikota î-kâtâcik owacistoniwâwa.	They scrape depressions in the ground where they make a domed nest weaving vegetation where they hide their nests.
câhkacahikîsiwak mohcihk î-nitonahkwâw mîciwin. mowîwak okwâskohcisîsa, manicôsisa, ikwa mîna kohkominahkîsîsa, ikwa mohcîsisa; âskaw mîciwak kiscikânisa.	They probe the ground looking for food. They eat grasshoppers, crickets, beetles, as well as spiders and grubs; sometimes they eat seeds.
5.3 nôsî-miskostikwânîsip	Female redheaded duck
ôta pimahkamikisiwak niskipîsim ohci isko kaskatinowipîsim.	They are active here from April until November.
wacistonihkîwak tahkohc nipîhk ocîskanihkîsihk ahpô mîna tahkohc wacasko-wîstîhk ahpô mohcihk. wacistonihkâkîwak asisiya ikwa ocîskanihkîsa, pîhtawîkinamwak pîwaya ohci.	They make their nests suspended over water on aquatic vegetation or on top of muskrat lodges or on the ground. To build their nests they use reeds and aquatic vegetation and line them with down.
kôkîwak î-nitonahkwâw mîciwin. mîciwak ocîpihkwa ikwa oskîtihpakâhtikwa ikwa âskaw kiscikânisa. mowîwak mîna mohcîsisa ikwa îsisa.	They dive looking for food. They eat roots, basal stems of plants and sometimes seeds. They also eat aquatic invertebrates and clams.
5.4 sîhkihp	Western grebe
ôta pimahkamikisiwak niskipîsim ohci isko pimahamowipîsim.	They are active here from April until October.
akohtinithiwa owacistoniwâwa tîhtahokanihk î-kikamohtâcik ocîskanihkîsihk. wacistonîhkâkîwak ocîskanihkîsa.	Their nests float on platforms attached to aquatic plants. They nest with aquatic plants.
kôkîwak î-nitonahkwâw mîciwin. mowîwak kinosîsisa, manicôsisa, ikwa athîkisisa.	They dive in search of food. They eat small fish, aquatic invertebrates, and amphibians.
mônahikîsipak*	5.5 Northern shovelers
ôta pimahkamikisiwak niskipîsim ohci isko kaskatinowipîsim.	Active here from April until November.
wâthahcâhk cîkakâm wacistonihkîwak. wacistonihkâkîwak maskosiya ikwa pîwaya.	They nest in a shallow hollow near water. They use grass and down to build nests.
pahkwahk nitonamwak mîciwin. mowîwak îsisa, manicôsisa, ikwa mohcîsisa. mîciwak mîna kiscikânisa.	They look in shallows for food. They eat crustaceans, insects, and larvae. They also eat seeds.
5.6 omîmîw	Mourning dove
ôta pimahkamikisiwak niskipîsim ohci isko pimahamowipîsim.	They are active here from April until October.
miscikosihk ahpô sakâsihk tastawâpitî-watihkwanihk wacistonihkîwak. wacistonihkâkîwak miscikosa, oskihtîpakwa, ikwa maskosiya.	They nest in trees or shrubs on forked branches. They use twigs, weeds, and grass to build the nests.
câh-câhkahikîsiwak mohcihk î-nitonahkwâw mîciwin. mowîwak manicôsa ikwa mîna mîciwak mînisa ikwa nanâtohk kiscikânisa.	They probe the ground in search of food. They eat insects and also berries and various seeds.
5.7 pithîw	Hungarian partridge
kapî askîwin pimahkamikisiwak ôta ôko pithîsîsak.	These birds are here year-round.
kistikânihk mohcihk wacistonihkîwak ita wâthahcâw î-mônahahkwâw. pîhtawîkinamwak wacistona maskosiya ohci.	Nests in fields on the ground where they scratch a depression. They line the nests with grass.
âskaw mowîwak manicôsa. mîciwak nanâtohk kiscikânisa, nîpiya, ikwa oskihcîpakosa.	Sometimes eat insects. They eat seeds (grain), leaves and buds.
5.8 masinâsokot-sihkhip*	Pied-billed grebe
ôta pimahkamikisiwak niskipîsim ohci isko pimahamowipîsim.	They are active here from April until October.
tîhtahokanihk î-akohtinithik wacistonihkîwak î-akwamohcikîcik oski-ocîskanihkîsihk.	They make their nests on floating platforms attached to emergent water plants.
mowîwak manicôsisa, kinosîsisa, ikwa athîkisisa ikwa âskaw mowîwak ocîskanihkîsa.	They eat aquatic invertebrates, small fish, and amphibians and sometimes aquatic plants.
5.9 sîsîsiw	Willet
ôta pimahkamikisiwak niskipîsim ohci isko nimitahamowipîsim.	They are here from April until September.
wacistonihkîwak ita kâ-tawâthik, thîkawiskâhk, ahpô mohcihk wâthahcâhk. wacistona pîhtawîkinamwak maskosiya ohci ikwa kotaka oskihtîpakwa.	They make their nests in open areas on sandy flats or on the ground in shallow depressions. They line the nests with grass and other vegetation.
mowîwak manicôsa ikwa âskaw mîciwak oski-oskihcîpakosa ikwa kiscikânisa.	They eat insects and sometimes they eat shoots and seeds.
5.10 apiscisip	Blue-winged teal
ôta pimahkamikisiwak niskipîsim ohci isko pimahamowipîsim.	They are here from April until October.
wacistonihkîwak maskosîhk wâsakâm nipîhk ikwa âskaw paskwâsihk, î-kâtâcik wacistona ita î-ispâthiki maskosiya. wacistonihkâkîwak maskosiya ikwa pîwaya.	They make their nests on shorelines and in wet meadows hiding their nests in tall grass. They make their nest with grass and down.
mîciwak pasâni-kiscikânisa ikwa maskosiy-kiscikânisa, ikwa namâtohk ocîskanihkîsi-kiscikânisa. mowîwak mîna manicôsisa.	They eat sedges and grass seeds, and all sorts of aquatic plants seeds. They also eat invertebrates.

Video 6:

pithîsîsak 6	Birds 6
I use the asterisk * to mark the birds we have no name for in Cree so I made up a name for them. Maybe in future days other names for these birds may come into use when someone more knowledgeable about birds will offer their suggestions. I hope you enjoy this introduction to Saskatchewan birds.
6.1 miskomâskikanîsis*	Red breasted nuthatch
kapî askîwin pimahkamikisiwak ôta ôko pithîsîsak.	These birds stay around all year.
mohcîsa mâna mowîwak î-nitonawâcik sîpâ wayakîskohk, î-acicîcik mistikohk.	They eat larva which they look for under the bark of trees with their heads pointing downward.
wacistonihkîwak thôskihtakohk ita î-mônahahkwâw waciston.	They make their nests in rotting wood where they excavate a cavity for their nests.
6.2 okîskimanasiw	Kingfisher
sâwanohk mâna isi-pimithâwak ispî kâ-takwâkinithik nânitaw pimihamowipîsim ikwa kâwi pî-takosinwak ôta ispî kâ-sîkwanithik, nânitaw niskipîsim.	They migrate south in the fall, around October and arrive back here in the Spring, around April.
kinosîsisa mowîwak, athîkisa ikwa athîkisisa.	They eat small fish, frogs and tadpoles.
wâsakâm sîpîsisihk wacistonihkîwak, ita î-mônahikîsicik askîhk ita î-astâcik maskosiya ikwa nîpiya.	They nest along the river banks in a cavity in the ground which they line with grass and leaves.
6.3 cihcîskisîs	Sandpiper
ôta pimahkamikisiwak athîkipîsim ohci isko nimitahamowipîsim.	They are active here from May until September.
namôtha ôta wacistonihkîwak.	They do not nest here.
mowîwak manicôsisa kâ-miskawâcik cîkakâm.	They eat insects which they find near shores.
6.4 wîciskwahamânisiw	Bohemian waxwing
ôta pimahkamikisiwak mikisiwipîsim ohci isko kaskatinowipîsim.	They are active here from March until November.
nawatinîwak manicôsa kâ-mîkwâ-pimithâcik ikwa mînisa mîciwak.	They catch flying insects on the wing and also eat berries.
minahikohk ikwa sihtihk wacistonihkîwak miscikosa î-âpacihtâcik kisik maskosiya ikwa astâskamikwa.	They nest in coniferous trees using twigs lined with grass and moss.
6.5 sihkihp (Another name that is shared by many water birds)	American coot.
mâci-pimahkamikisiwak ôta niskipîsim ohci isko kaskatinowipîsim.	Active here from April until November.
mowîwak manicôsa, akaskwaya, môhtîwa, athîkisisa ikwa kinosîsisa ikwa oskihtîpakwa nipîhk ohci.	They eat insects, snails, worms, tadpoles, and small fish as well as water plants.
nipîhk wacistonihkîwak, î-âpacihtâcik nipiy- oskihtîpakwa ikota ohci î-tîhtapahipîcik cîkakâm.	They nest on emergent water plants, anchored there, floating on the water near shore.
6.6 osâwask-ayîs*	Goldfinch
ôta pimahkamikisiwak athîkipîsim ohci isko pimahamowipîsim.	They are active here from May until October.
mowîw manicôsa ikwa mîna mîciw mînisa ikwa nanâtohk kiscikânisa.	Eats insects as well as berries and all sorts of seeds.
miscikosihk wacistonihkîw î-âpacihtât oskihtîpakwa, maskosiya ikwa kohkominahkîsîs athapiyâpiy, mîscakâsa ikwa kiscikânisa.	Nests in shrubs using plant fibers, grass and spider webbing, hair and seed fluff.
6.7 mikisiw	Bald eagle
ôta pimahkamikisiwak mikisiwipîsim ohci isko kaskatinowipîsim.	They are active here from March until November.
mowîw pithîsîsa, apisci pisiskîsa, ikwa kinosîwa.	Eats small birds, small mammals, and fish.
miscikosa wacistonihkâkîwak. misâthiwa owacistoniwâwa ikwa mâna kâh-kîhtwâm âpacihtâwak.	Use sticks to build nests. Their nests are big and they often re-use them.
6.8 ohtawakîhôhow	Great horned owl
ôta pimahkamikisiwak kapî askîwin.	They are active here all year.
âh-otinamâsowak owacistoniwâwa âhâsiwak, kâhkâkiwak ahpô osâkwahtamowak kâ-kî-nakatahkwâw.	They take the abandoned nest of crows, ravens, or hawks.
mowîwak apisci pisiskîsa, pithîsîsa, kinîpikwa, ikwa athîkisa.	They eat small mammals, birds, snakes, and frog.
6.9 osâhkwatamow	Merlin
ôta pimahkamikisiwak mikisiwipîsim ohci isko kaskatinowipîsim.	They are active here from March until November.
wacistonihkîwak sihtihk ahpô minahikohk. mâka âpacihtâwak wacistona âhâsiwak ikwa apisci-kâhkâkîsak kâ-nakatahkwâw.	Nest in coniferous areas,. But they will use nests abandoned by crows and magpies.
nawatinîwak apisci pithîsîsa kâ-mîkwâ-pimithâthit, ikwa mîna mowîwak apisci pisiskîsa ahpô manicôsa.	Catch small birds on the wing and also eat small rodents or insects.